Molecular Identification of Caulerpa selago as a New Record for the Persian Gulf

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch,Tehran,Iran

2 Agriculture and Natural Resources Researches and Educatin centre of Hormozgan Province, Hormozgan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and education centre

3 Islamic Azad University of Borujerd

4 Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch , Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Caulerpa is a genus of siphonous green algae belonging to Caulerpaceae which consists of about 103 accepted species of tropical to subtropical seas. Recently, some species of the genus have expanded their distribution into more temperate environments such as the Mediterranean Sea. Due to their bioactive compound and secondary metabolites, content species of this genus have many medicinal uses in various countries, especially in some countries such as the Philippines, Malaysia, and Vietnam, which are used as vegetables. The extract of this alga has antibacterial, anti-viral, and anti-inflammatory properties. Due to this economic and scientific importance, accurate identification of these species is very important. Morphological similarities between some species of this genus and phenotypic changes caused by ecological factors have caused some complications and problems with inaccurate identification at the species level. For this reason, in addition to morphological features, phylogenetic analyzes are also used to accurate identification of the members of this genus. In this study, a molecular phylogeny was inferred from chloroplast tufA sequences of 35 taxa, which of them a sequence of Caulerpella ambigua used as an outgroup. The results confirmed the presence of Caulerpa selago in the algal flora of Iran which is the first record of this species from the coastlines of the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman in the south of Iran.
 
 

Keywords

References

Agardh CA. (1817). Synopsis algarum Scandina viae: adjecta disposition universali algarum. pp. [i]-xl, 1-135. Lundae [Lund]: Ex officinal Berlingiana.
Al-Abdessalaam TZ. (2007). Coastal and Marine Habitats. In: Al-Abdessalaam, TZ. (ed.): Marine Environment and Resources of Abu Dhabi. pp. 55-91. Environment Agency, Abu Dhabi and Motivate Publishing.
Basson PW. (1979a). Marine algae of the Arabian Gulf coast of Saudi Arabia (first half). Botanica Marina. 22: 47-64.
Basson PW. (1979b). Marine algae of the Arabian Gulf coast of Saudi Arabia (second half). Botanica Marina. 22: 65-82.
Basson PW. (1992). Checklist of marine algae of the Arabian Gulf. Journal of the University of Kuwait Science. 19: 217-228.
Belton GS, Huisman JM, Gurgel CFD. (2015). Caulerpaceae. In: Huisman, JM. (ed.): Algae of Australia: Marine Benthic Algae of North-Western Australia. 1. Green and Brown Algae, pp. 75-102. Canberra & Melbourne. ABRS & CSIRO Publishing.
Belton GS, Prud’homme van Reine WF, Huisman JM, Draisma SGA, Gurgel CFD. (2014). Resolving phenotypic plasticity and species designation in the morphologically challenging Caulerpa racemosa–peltata complex (Chlorophyta, Caulerpaceae). Journal of Phycology. 50 (1): 32-54.
Chen X, Sun Y, Liu H, Liu S, Qin, Li P. (2019). Advances in cultivation, wastewater treatment application, bioactive components of Caulerpa lentillifera and their biotechnological applications. Aquatic Biology. 7: 1-15.
Coppejans E, Prud’homme van Reine WF. (1992). Seaweeds of the Snellius-II expedition (E. Indonesia): the genus Caulerpa (Chlorophyta-Caulerpales). Bulletin des séances Académie Royale des Sciences d'Outre-Mer. 37: 667-712.
De Clerck O and Coppejans E. (1994). Status of the macroalgae and seagrass vegetation after the 1991 Gulf War oil spill. Courier Forsch-Inst. Senckenberg. 166: 18-21.
De Clerck O and Coppejans, E. (1996). Marine Algae of the Jubail Marine Wildlife Sanctuary, Saudi Arabia. In: Krupp F, Abuzinada AH, Nadar IA. (eds.): A Marine Wildlife Sanctuary for the Arabian Gulf: Environmental Research and Conservation following the 1991 Gulf War Oil Spill. pp. 199-289. NCWCD, Riyadh and Senckenberg Research Institute, Frankfurt.
Diini F. (2013). Opportunities and challenges for developing Caulerpa racemosa as functional foods, pp. 85-96. The 1st International Symposium On Aquatic Product Processing.
Dorgham MM. (1990). Distribution of benthic algae in the Qatari Arabian Gulf. Bulletin of the Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries. 16: 49-63.
Draisma SGA, Prud’homme van Reine WF, Sauvage T, Belton GS, Gurgel CFD, Lim PE, Phang SM. (2014). A re-assessment of the infra-generic classification of the genus Caulerpa (Caulerpaceae, Chlorophyta) inferred from a time-calibrated molecular phylogeny. Journal of Phycology. 50 (6): 1020-1034.
Fritsch FE. (1965). The Structure and Reproduction of the Algae. Vol. I. Cambridge University Press, London. 791 pp.
Fama P, Wysor B, Kooistra WHCF, Zuccarello GC. (2002). Molecular phylogeny of the genus Caulerpa (Caulerpales, Chlorophyta) inferred from chloroplast tufA Gene. Journal of Phycology. 38: 1040-1050.
Gharanjik BM. (2000). The marine algae of the Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran. Iranian Journal of Fisheries Science. 2 (2): 57-70.
Guiry MD and Guiry GM. (2021). AlgaeBase. World-Wide Electronic Publication, National University of Ireland, Galway.
Hall TA. (1999). BioEdit: a user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for Windows 95/98/NT. Nucleic Acids Symposium Series. 41: 95-98.
John DM. (2005). Marine Plants. In: Hellyer, P. Aspinall, S. (eds.): The Emirates a Natural History. pp. 161-167, 351-352. Trident Press, London, UK.
John DM. (2012). Marine Algae (Seaweeds) Associated with Coral Reefs in the Gulf. In: Riegl BM and Purkis SJ. (eds.): Coral Reefs of the Gulf: Adaptation to Climatic Extremes. pp. 308-335. Springer, Dordrecht.
John DM and Al-Thani RF. (2014). Benthic marine algae of the Arabian Gulf: a critical review and analysis of distribution and diversity patterns. Nova Hedwigia. 98 (3-4): 341-392.
Karthick P, Murthy KN, Ramesh C, Narayana S, Mohanraju R. (2020). Molecular authentication of green algae Caulerpa (Caulerpales, Chlorophyta) based on ITS and tufA genes from Andaman Islands, India. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology. 58 (2): 109-114.
Kazi MA, Reddy, CRK, Jha B. (2013). Molecular phylogeny and barcoding of Caulerpa (Bryopsidales) based on the tufA, rbcL, 18S rDNA, and ITS rDNA genes. Plos One. 8 (12): 1-13.
Khairuddin K, Sudirman S, Huang L, Kong Z.L. (2020). Caulerpa lentillifera polysaccharides-rich extract reduces oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory cytokines levels associated with male reproductive functions in diabetic mice. Applied Sciences. 10 (24): 1-14.
Kokabi M and Yousefzadi M. (2015). Checklist of the marine macroalgae of Iran. Botanica Marina. 58 (4): 307-320.
Larkin MA, Blackshields G, Brown NP, Chenna R, McGettigan PA, McWilliam H, Valentin F, Wallace IM, Wilm A, Lopez R, Thompson J.D, Gibson TJ, Higgins DG. (2007). Clustal W and Clustal X version 2.0. Bioinformatics. 23 (21): 2947-2948.
Matanjun P, Mohamed S, Muhammad K, Mustapha NM. (2010). Comparison of cardiovascular protective effects of tropical seaweeds, Kappaphycus alvarezii, Caulerpa lentillifera, and Sargassum polycystum, on high-cholesterol/high-fat diet in rats. Journal of Medicinal Food. 13 (4): 792-800.
Matanjun P, Mohamed S, Mustapham NM, Muhammad K. (2009). Nutrient content of tropical edible seaweeds, Eucheuma cottonii, Caulerpa lentillifera and Sargassum polycystum. Journal of Applied Phycology. 21 (1): 75-80.
Meyer KD and Paul VJ. (1992). Intraplant variation in secondary metabolite concentration in three species of Caulerpa (Chlorophyta: Caulerpales) and its effects on herbivorous fishes. Marine Ecology Progress Series. 82: 249-257.
Mshigeni KE and Dorgham M. (1987). Benthic Marine Algae of Qatar. A Preliminary Survey. Unesco regional office, Doha, Qatar, 78 pp.
Najdek M, Korlević, M, Paliaga P, Markovski M, Ivančić I, Iveša L, Felja I, Herndl GJ. (2020a). Dynamics of environmental conditions during a decline of a Cymodocea nodosa meadow. Biogeosciences.17: 3299-3315. 
Najdek M, Korlević M, Paliaga P, Markovski M, Ivančić I, Iveša L, Felja I, Herndl GJ (2020b). Effects of the invasion of Caulerpa cylindracea in a Cymodocea nodosa meadow in the northern Adriatic Sea. Frontier in Marine Science. 7: 1-16
Niwano Y, Beppu F, Shimada T, Kyan R, Yasura K, Tamaki M, Nishino M, Midorikawa Y. Hamada H. (2009). Extensive screening for plant foodstuffs in Okinawa, Japan with anti-obese activity on adipocytes in vitro. Plant Foods for Human Nutrition. 64 (1): 6-10.
Nizamuddin M and Gessner F. (1970). The Marine Algae of the Northern Part of the Arabian Sea and of the Persian Gulf. Gebrueder Borntraeger Publisher. pp. 42.
Piazzi L and Balata D. (2009). Invasion of alien macroalgae in different Mediterranean habitats. Biological Invasions.11: 193-204.
Preez RD, Majzoub ME, Thomas T, Panchal SK, Brown L. (2020). Caulerpa lentillifera (sea grapes) improves the cardiovascular and metabolic health of rats with diet-induced metabolic syndrome. Metabolites. 10 (12): 1-18
Rabiei R., Assadi M, Nejadsattari T, Majd A, Sohrabipour J. (2005). The study of species diversity in the association of Gracilaria salicornia in the northeast of Qeshm Island. Pajouhesh and Sazandegi. 17 (1): 85-92.
Rizk AM, AL-Easa HS, Korporbst JM. (1999). The Phytochemistry of the Macro and Blue-Green Algae in the Arabian Gulf. The Doha Modern Press Ltd., Qatar. 746 pp.
RohaniGhadekolaei K, Rajabi I, Ramesh H, Dehghani R, Behzadi S., Hossaini MR, Saito H, Xue C, Yamashiro R, Moromizato S, Itabashi Y. (2010). High polyunsaturated fatty acid levels in two subtropical macroalgae, Cladosiphono kamuranus, and Caulerpa lentillifera. Journal of Phycology. 46 (4): 665-673.
Saunders GW and Kucera H. (2010) An evaluation of rbcL, tufA, UPA, LSU and ITS as DNA barcode markers for the marine green macroalgae. Cryptogamie Algologie. 31 (4): 487-528.
Sauvage T, Payri C, Draisma SGA, Prud’homme Van Reine WF, Verbruggen H, Belton GS, Gurgel CFD, Gabriel D, Sherwood AR, Fredericq S. (2013). Molecular diversity of the Caulerpa racemosa-Caulerpa peltata complex (Caulerpaceae, Bryopsidales) in New Caledonia, with new Australasian records for C. racemosa var. Cylindracea. Phycologia. 52 (1): 6-13
Shams M and GhaedAmini N. (2017). A new taxonomic survey of Caulerpa Lamouroux species (Chlorophyta, Caulerpales) in the southern coasts of Iran. American Scientific Research Journal for Engineering, Technology, and Sciences (ASRJETS). 36 (1): 45-57.
Silva PC, Basson PW, Moe RL. (1996). Catalog of the Benthic Marine Algae of the Indian Ocean. Vol. 79. University of California Press. 1259 pp.
Sohrabipour J, Nejadsattari T, Assadi M, Rabiei R. (2004). The marine algae of the southern coast of Iran, the Persian Gulf, Lengeh area. Iranian Journal of Botany. 10 (2): 83-93.
Sohrabipour J and Rabiei R. (1996). New records of algae for the Persian Gulf and flora of Iran. The Iranian Journal of Botany. 7 (1): 95-115.
Sohrabipour J and Rabiei R. (1999a). A list of marine algae from the seashores of Iran (Hormozgan Province). Qatar University Science Journal. 19: 312-337.
Sohrabipour J and Rabiei R. (1999b). A list of marine algae of seashores of the Persian Gulf and Oman Sea in the Hormozgan Province. The Iranian Journal of Botany. 8 (1): 131-162.
Sohrabipour J and Rabiei R. (2007). The checklist of green algae of the Iranian coastlines of the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman. The Iranian Journal of Botany. 13 (2): 146-149.
Stam WT, Olsen JL, Zaleski SF, Murray SN, Brown KR, Walters LJ. (2006). A forensic and phylogenetic survey of Caulerpa species (Caulerpales, Chlorophyta) from the Florida coast, local aquarium shops, and e-commerce: establishing a proactive baseline for early detection. Journal of Phycology. 42: 1113-1124.
Susilowati A, Mulyawan AE, Putri TW. (2019). Antioxidant activity of the sea grape (Caulerpa racemasa) used as an antioxidant lotion. Oriental Journal of Chemistry. 35 (4): 1443 -1447.
Swofford DL. (2002). PAUP*: Phylogenetic Analysis Using Parsimony (and Other Methods), Version 4.0 Beta. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, Massachusetts.
Tanabe AS. (2007). Kakusan: a computer program to automate the selection of a nucleotide substitution model and the configuration of a mixed model on multilocus data. Molecular Ecology Notes. 7: 962-964
Turner D. (1808). Fuci sive plantarum fucorum generi a botanicis ascriptarum icons descriptiones et historia. Fuci, or colored figures and descriptions of the plants referred by botanists to the genus Fucus. Vol. I. pp. 1-164, pls 1-71.
Van den Hoek C, Mann DG, Jahns HM. (1995). Algae. An Introduction to Phycology. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. 623 pp.
Weber-van Bosse, A. (1898). Monographie des Caulerpes. Annales du JardinBotanique de Buitenzorg. 15: 243-401.
Zaw NDK, Wiradana PA, Naw SW, Nege AS, Alamsjah MA, Akbar REK, Rosi F. (2020). First report on molecular identification of Caulerpa green algae from Mandangin Island Indonesia using Partial 18SrRNA Genes. Journal of Aquaculture and Fish Health. 9 (3): 252-265.
Zheng J, Li Z, Manabe Y, Kim M, Goto T, Kawada T, Sugawara T. (2018). Siphonaxanthin, a carotenoid from green algae, inhibits lipogenesis in hepatocytes via the suppression of liver X receptor α activity. Lipids. 53: 41-52.
Plant, Algae, and Environment
Volume 5, Issue 2
September 2021
Pages 713-724

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics