Assessment of Wastewater Elements on Growth, Chlorophyll, and Reduction of Nitrate and Phosphate by the Marine Cyanobacterium Fischerella muscicola ISC123

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Biology, Payame Noor University, P.O.Box:19395-4697, Tehran, Iran. Department of petroleum microbiology, Research Centre of Applied Science of ACECR,Shahid Beheshti university

2 Department of Biology, Payame Noor University, P.O.Box: 19395-4697, Tehran, Iran

3 Department of Petroleum Microbiology, Research Institute of Applied Science, ACECR, Tehran, Iran

4 Department of Biology, Payame Noor University, P.O.Box: 19395-4697, Tehran, Iran.

5 Biotechnology Research Centre, Karaj branch, Islamic Azad university, Karaj

Abstract

Wastewater from different parts and industries have compounds, including nitrate and phosphate, that seriously affect ecosystems and environments. Remediation and treatment of these compounds are usually performed by physical, chemical, and biological methods. Since cyanobacteria have high nitrate and phosphate requirements, wastewater (sewage/ municipal mixed waters) with high loads of these nutrients can serve as a culture medium to enhance their growth and indirectly reduce the nutrient load, making it useful for other applications. So, in this research, the role of these elements in artificial wastewater as a culture medium on growth, chlorophyll contents, and removing potential of nitrate and phosphate by the marine cyanobacterium Fischerella muscicola ISC 123 is investigated. Our specimen was collected from the Caspian Sea, isolated, and identified according to the 16SrRNA. Wastewater treatments were designed in 15 runs using Design-Expert software, and the sample was cultured in BG110 medium with various amounts of NaCl, NaNO3, and K2HPO4. Growth(O.D.), chlorophyll contents (methanolic extract), changes of nitrate and phosphate of cultures by standard methods, and effects of elements were analyzed by Response Surface Methods (RSM) of Design-Expert. The enhanced growth rate, chlorophyll content, and nitrate and phosphate removal were observed in runs 2, 6, and 14. NaCl reduced growth while most interactions of elements were compatible with the results of practical experiments. According to the results, run14 (NaCl 1%, NaNO3 350, K2HPO4 77 mg L-1) had the optimum condition for growth and removing nitrate and phosphate of F.muscicola. It can be concluded that removing nitrate and phosphate depends on the growth factors, and by studying and optimizing wastewater elements as culture media, microalgae can have the optimum growth and the most refining potential.

Keywords

References

Ahmed F, Ravindran B, Kumar S, Nasr M, Rwat I, Bux F. (2019) Techno-economic estimation of wastewater phycoremediation and environmental benefits using Scenedesmus obliquus microalgae. Journal of Environmental management. 240,293-302. DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.03.123.
Ajala Sheriff O, Alexander M. (2020) Assessment of Chlorella vulgaris, Scenedesmus obliquus and Oocystis minuta for removal of sulfate, nitrate and phosphate in wastewater. International journal of Energy and Environmental Engineering. 11:311-326. https:/doi.org/10.1007/s40095-019-00333-0.
Belcher H, Swale E. (1982) Culturing algae, a guide for school and colleges. Tilus Wilson & son LTD.
Do JMi, Jo SW, Kim IS, Na H, Lee JH, Kim HS. (2019) A feasibility study of wastewater treatment using domestic microalgae and analysis of biomass for potential applications. Water 11, 2294. https://doi.org/10.3390/w11112294.
Fasihi H. (2014) Study sources and results of the municipal and industrial sewage in some southern villages of Tehran. Villages research.5, 4, 911-936.
Goncalves A, Pires Jose CM, Simoes M. (2017) A review on the use of microalgae consortia for wastewater treatment. Algal Research. 24, 403-415. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.algal.2016.11.008.
Guldhe A, Ansari FA, Singh P, Bux F. (2017) Heterotrophic cultivation of microalgae using aquaculture wastewater: a biorefinery concept for biomass production and nutrient remediation. Ecological  Engineering. 99, 47-53. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2016.11.013.
Hoang Nhat V, Ngo HH, Guo W, Chang SW, Nguyen DD, Chen Z, Chen R, Zhang X. (2019) Microalgae for saline wastewater treatment: a critical review. Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology. doi.org/10.1080/10643389.2019.1656510.
Iranshahi Sh, Nejadsattari T, Soltani N, Shokravi Sh, Dezfulian M. (2014) The effect of salinity on morphological and molecular characters and physiological response of Nostoc sp. ISC 101. Iranian Journal of Fisheries Science .13 (4): 907-917.
Kaushik BD. (1987) Laboratory methods for blue-green algae. Associated publishing company.
Kim GY, Yun M, Shin HS, Han JI. (2017) Cultivation of four microalgae species in the effluent of anaerobic digester for biodiesel production. Bioresource Technology. 224:738-72, https://doi.org/10.1016j.biortech.2016.11.08.
Kim HC, Choi WJ, Chae AN, Park J, Kim HJ, Song KGH. (2016) Treating high-strength saline piggery wastewater using the heterotrophic cultivation of Acutodesmus obliquus. Biochemical Engineering Journal. 110 (supplement C): 51-58. DOI:10.1016/j.bej.2016.02.011.
Maity JP, Bundschuh J, Chen Ch-Y, Bhattacharya P. (2014). Microalgae for third generation biofuel production, mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions and wastewater treatment: present and future perspectives- a mini-review. Energy. 78: 104-113. Doi: https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2014.04.003.
Marker AFH. (1972). The use of acetone and methanol in the estimation of chlorophyll in the presence of phaeophytin. Freshwater Biology. 2 (4), 361-385. Doi:10.1111/j.1365-2427.1972.tb00377.x.
McGinn, PJ. Dickinson KE, Park KC, Whitney CG, Mac Quarrie SP, Black F, Frigon JC, Guiot SR, Oleary S. (2012). Assessment of the bioenergy and bioremediation potentials of the microalga Scenedesmus sp. AMDD cultivated in municipal wastewater effluent in batch and continuous mode. Algal Research. 1 (2): 155-165. Doi: 10.1016/j.algal.2012.05.001.
Morshedi A, Akbarian M. (2014). Application of response surface methodology: Design of experiments and optimization: A minie review, Computer science, corpus. ID: 44681660.
Nubel U, Garcia-Pichel F, Muyzer G. (1997) PCR Primers to amplify 16S rRNA genes from cyanobacteria. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 63 (8): 3327-3332. Doi: 10.1128/aem.63.8.3327-3332.1997.
Rani S, Gunjyal N, Ojha CSP, Asce F, Prasad Singh R. (2020) Review of challenges for algae-baed wastewater treatment: strain selection, wastewater characteristics, abiotic and biotic factors. Journal of  Hazardous, Toxic, and  Radioactive Waste. Doi: 03120004-1ASCE. Doi: 10.1061/ (ASCE)HZ.2153-5515.0000578.
Soltani, N, Khavari-Nejad RA, Tabatabaei M, Shokravi Sh, Valiente EF. (2006). Variation of nitrogenase activity, photosynthesis, and pigmentation of cyanobacterium Fischerella ambigua strain FS18 under different irradiance and pH. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology. 22,:571-576. Doi: https:// doi.org/10.1007/s 11274-005-9073-5.
Sood A, Renuka N, Prasanna R, Ahluwalia AS. (2015). Cyanobacteria as a potential option for wastewater treatment, Phytoremediation: management of environmental contaminants, 2. Springer International Publishing. Doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-10969-5-8.
Su Y, Mennerich AY, Mennerich A, Urban B. (2012). Comparison of nutrient removal capacity and biomass settle ability of four high-potential microalgal species. Bioresource Technology. 124,157-162.Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2012.08.037.
Sukrachan T and Incharoensakdi A. (2020). Enhanced hydrogen production by Nostoc sp. CU2561 immobilized in a novel agar bead. Journal of  Applied Phycology. 32: 1103-1115. Doi: 10.1007/s 10811-019-02032-z.
Taikhao S, Junyapoon S, Incharoensakdi, A, Phunpruch S. (2013). Factors affecting biohydrogen production by unicellular halotolerant cyanobacterium Aphanothece halophytica. Journal of Applied Phycology. 25: 575-585. Doi: 10.1007/s 10811-012-9892-3.
Wutthithien P and Incharoensakdi A. ( 2024). Nutrient removal from wastewater by microalgae Chlorella sp. coupled to augmented lipid production with spent wastewater utilized by cyanobacterium Fischerella muscicola TISTR 8215 for hydrogen production. Research Square. 1-18. Doi: https:// doi org/10.21203/rs.3.re-4128572/v1.
Wutthithien P, Lindblad P, Incharoensakdi A. (2019). Improvement of photobiological hydrogen production by suspended and immobilized cells of the N2 -fixing cyanobacterium Fischerella muscicola TISTR 8215. Journal of Applied Phycology. 31: 3527-3536. Doi: 10.1007/s 10811-019-01881-y.
Yadav KK, Gupta N, Kumar A, Reece LM, Singh N. Rezania S, Khan SA. (2018). Mechanistic understanding and holistic approach of phytoremediation: a review on application and future prospect. Ecological Engineering. 120: 274-298. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2018.05.039.
Yang XE, Wu X, Hao H-L, LiHe Z. (2008). Mechanisms and assessment of water eutrophication. Journal of Zhejiang University Science B. 9: 197-209. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.B0710626.
Yodsang P, Raksajit W, Aro E, Mäenpää P, Incharoensakdi A. (2018). Factors affecting photobiological hydrogen production in five filamentous cyanobacteria from Thailand. Photosynthetica. 56: 334-341. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s 11099-018-0789-5.
Zhou W, Li Y, Gao Y, Zhao H. (2017) Nutrients removal and recovery from saline wastewater by Spirulina platensis. Bioresource Technology. 245 (part A): 10-17. Doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.08.160.
Plant, Algae, and Environment
Volume 7, Issue 2
2023
Pages 1158-1170

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics