Effect of Two Blue- green Algae and Tragacanth Coated Seed in Maize under Salinity Stress

Authors

Department of Plant Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University G.C., Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Soil salinity gradually become a major problem in arid and semi-arid regions of the world. Seed coating through bio-materials is a new method that maintains humidity around the seed. The aim of this study is to use absorbing bio-compounds to increase the percentage of germination and improving growth of Zea mays L. under salt stress. The experiment was conducted with maize seed which coated with tragacanth, tragacanth + Anabaena and tragacanth + Pseudo anabaena when exposed to 0, 120 and 160 mM NaCl per kg of coco-peat. All seed treatments effectively promoted seed germination percentage in 160 mM NaCl. Seed coating with tragacanth led to a significant increase of growth indices compared to the non-coated seeds under salt stress. While, the combination of tragacanth with Anabaena or Peusodoanabaena reduced the growth parameters. Coating treatment of maize seeds resulted in decreasing of Na content in the plants compared to the plants from non-coated seeds. The results suggested that maize seed coating with tragacanth could improve Na tolerance in the plants associated with a positive regulation of the seed germination and plant growth.

Keywords


  1. Balaghi S, Mohammadifar MA, Zargaraan A. (2010). Physicochemical and rheological characterization of gum tragacanth exudates from six species of Iranian Astragalus. Food Biophysics. 5(1): 59-71.
  2. Chittapun S, Limbipichai S, Amnuaysin N, Boonkerd R, Charoensook M. (2018). Effects of using cyanobacteria and fertilizer on growth and yield of rice, Pathum Thani I: a pot experiment. Journal of Applied Phycology. 30 (1): 79-85.
  3. Colla G, Rouphael Y, Di Mattia E, El-Nakhel C, Cardarelli M. (2015). Co-inoculation of Glomus intraradices and Trichoderma atroviride acts as a biostimulant to promote growth, yield and nutrient uptake of vegetable crops. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. 95 (8): 1706-1715.
  4. El-Keblawy A, Al-Rawai A. (2005). Effects of salinity, temperature and light on germination of invasive Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC. Journal of Arid Environments. 61(4): 555-565.
  5. Essa AM, Ibrahim WM, Mahmud RM, Kassim N. (2015). Potential impact of cyanobacterial exudates on seed germination and antioxidant enzymes of crop plan seedlings. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Science. 4: 1010-1024.
  6. Flowers TJ, Flowers SA. (2005). Why does salinity pose such a difficult problem for plant breeders? Agricultural Water Management. 78 (1-2): 15-24.
  7. Gorim L, Asch F. (2012). Effects of composition and share of seed coatings on the mobilization efficiency of cereal seeds during germination. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science. 198 (2): 81-91.
  8. Hamada AM, El-Enany AE. (1994). Effect of NaCl salinity on growth, pigment andmineral element contents, and gas exchange of broad bean and pea plants. Biologia Plantarum. 36: 75-81.
  9. Harris D, Tripathi R, Joshi A. (2002). On-farm seed priming to improve crop establishment and yield in dry direct-seeded rice. Direct seeding: Research Strategies and Opportunities, International Research Institute, Manila, Philippines. Pp. 231-240.
  10. Katerji N, Van Hoorn JW, Hamdy A, Karam F, Mastrorilli M. (1994). Effect of salinity on emergence and on water stress and early seedling growth of sunflower and maize. Agricultural Water Management. 26 (1): 81-91.
  11. Larcher, W. (1995). Photosynthesis as a tool for indicating temperature stress events. In: Ecophysiology of photosynthesis. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. pp. 261-277.
  12. Li W, Liu X, Khan MA, Yamaguchi S. (2005). The effect of plant growth regulators, nitric oxide, nitrate, nitrite and light on the germination of dimorphic seeds of Suaeda salsa under saline conditions. Journal of Plant Research. 118 (3): 207-214.
  13. Mehrabi H. (2009). The consideration of seed coating effect on germination of Sanguisorba minor in different condition of dryness tension and sowing depth. Iranian Journal of Range and Desert Research. (3)17: 489-498.
  14. Radosevich SR, Holt JS, Ghersa C. (1997). Weed Ecology; Implications for management. John Wiley &Sons, Inc., 589 p.
  15. Rasool T, Ahmad R, Farooq M. (2019). Seed priming with micronutrients for improving the quality and yield of hybrid maize. Gesunde Pflanzen. 71 (1): 37-44.
  16. Scott JM. (1989). seed Coatings and Treatments and Their Effects on Plant Establishment. Advances in Agronomy. 42: 43-83.
  17. Seyfabadi J, Ramezanpour Z, Khoeyi ZA. (2011). Protein, fatty acid and pigment content of Chlorella vulgaris under different light regimes. Journal of Applied Phycology. 23 (4): 721-726.
  18. Shannon MC. (1997). Adaptation of plants to salinity. In: Advances in agronomy, 60: 75-120). Academic Press.
  19. Souza FH, Marcos-Filho J. (2001). The seed coat as a modulator of seed-environment relationships in Fabaceae. Brazilian Journal of Botany. 24 (4): 365-375.
  20. Suma N, Srimathi P and Roopa VM. (2014). Influence of Biofertilizer pelleting on seed and seedling quality characteristics of Sesamum indicum. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences. 3 (6): 591-594.
  21. Voigt EL, Almeida TD, Chagas RM, Ponte LFA, Viegas RA, Silveira JAG. (2009). Source–sink regulation of cotyledonary reserve mobilization during cashew (Anacardium occidentale) seedling establishment under NaCl salinity. Journal of Plant Physiology. 166 (1): 80-89.
  22. Waterbury JB and Stanier RY (1981). Isolation and growth of cyanobacteria from marine and hypersaline environments. In: Starr MP, Stolp H, Trüper HG, Balows A, Schlegel HG. (Eds.), The Prokaryotes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (1): 221–223.
  23. Zeng L, Shannon MC, Lesch SM. (2001). Timing of salinity stress affects rice growth and yield components. Agricultural Water Management. 48 (3): 191-206.
  24. Zhu JK. (2001). Plant salt tolerance. Trends in Plant Science. 6 (2): 66-71..